The prophet by Kahlil Gibran (His style is self-expressing){Your daily life is your temple and your religion"}
Modern man in search of soul by Carl Gustav Jung
The rise of teh Korean Economics by Song
Asia's next giant
The east asian Miracles
Balzac and his world by Felicien Marceau
Autobiography by Mircea Eliade
Economics of Monetary Union by De Grauwe
Introduction to Romanian literature by Twayne
We, by Yevgeny zamyatin
Da vinci code
Extreme rock and ice!{ amisgaa davchdaj tsos hoorson hormhon mochuud...}
Che Guevara Reader
Bolivian diary, by che guevara!
Nuuts Tovchoo {nahisan unshiv}
New society, Che guevara
Confession of a mask by Yukio Mishima
The temple of the golden Pavilion by Yukio mishima
Tetgelgeer suraltsakh bolomj 2005
We, by Yevgeny Zamyatin
p.56:Somehow this never entered my head before, but this eis really how it is: We on this earth are walking the whole time above a boiling crimson sea of fire, hidden down there in the bowels of the earth. But we never think of it. And then suddenly the thin shell beneath our feet seems to turn to glass, and suddenly we see ….
I became glass. I saw into myself, inside. There were two me’s. One me was the old one, D-503, Number D-502, and the other… The other sued to just stick his hairy paws out of his shell, but now all of hims came out, the shell burst open, and the pieces were just about to flu in all directions… and then what? (describing his drunkness)
p.59 :The sky is covered over with some milky gold fabric, and you cant’s see what’s up there, beyond, higher. The ancients knew what was up there: there magnificent, bored sceptic – God. We know that it’s a crystalline blue, naked indecent nothing. Now I don’t know what’s there. I have learned too much. Knowledge that is ablsoluytely sure it’s infallible – that is faith. I had a firm faith in myself, I believed I knew everything about myself. And now…
Yukio Mishima, The temple of the golden pavilion
P.118: In life, an instant that assumes the form of eternity will intoxicate us; but the Golden Temple knew full well that such an instant is insignificant compared with what happens when eternity assuymes the form of an instant, as the temple itself had now done. It is at such times that the fact of beauty’s ethernity can realy block our lives and poison our existences. The instantaneous beauty that life lets us glimpse is helpless against such poison. The poison crushes and destroyes it at once, and finally exposes life itself under the light-brown glare of ruin.
p.125: That’s how it was. I was enwrapped in beauty, I was certainly within that beauyty; yet I doubt whether I was so sonsuymmately wrapped up in the beabuty as not to be supported by the will of that ferocious wind, which was endlessly gathering force.
p.131: How could I reach that – sound that mysterious sound like the one which Kashiwagi was blowing out of his flute? It was skill alone that made it possible. Beauty was skull. A thought came to me and filled me with courage: just as Kashiwagi could attain such beautiful clear soubds despite his clubfeet, so I could attain beaty by means of skill.
p.136: How shall I put it? Beauty = yes, beauty is life a decayed toth. It rubs against one’s tongue, it hands there, hurting one, insisting on its own existence. Finanly it gets so that one cannot stand the pain and one goes to the dentist to have the tooth extracted. […] What was the basis of this creature’s existence? Was the basis within me? Or was it within this creature itself? Yet this creature which has been pulled out of my mouth and which now lies in my hand is something utterly different. Surely it cannot be that?
p.203: Let’s pu it this way – human beings posses the weapon of knowledge in order to make life bearable. For animals such things aren’t necessary. Animals don’t need knowledge or anything of the sort to make life bearable. But human beings do need something, and with knowledge they can make the very intolerableness of life a weapon, though at the same time that intolerableness is not reduces in the slightest. That’s all there is to it.
p.56:Somehow this never entered my head before, but this eis really how it is: We on this earth are walking the whole time above a boiling crimson sea of fire, hidden down there in the bowels of the earth. But we never think of it. And then suddenly the thin shell beneath our feet seems to turn to glass, and suddenly we see ….
I became glass. I saw into myself, inside. There were two me’s. One me was the old one, D-503, Number D-502, and the other… The other sued to just stick his hairy paws out of his shell, but now all of hims came out, the shell burst open, and the pieces were just about to flu in all directions… and then what? (describing his drunkness)
p.59 :The sky is covered over with some milky gold fabric, and you cant’s see what’s up there, beyond, higher. The ancients knew what was up there: there magnificent, bored sceptic – God. We know that it’s a crystalline blue, naked indecent nothing. Now I don’t know what’s there. I have learned too much. Knowledge that is ablsoluytely sure it’s infallible – that is faith. I had a firm faith in myself, I believed I knew everything about myself. And now…
Yukio Mishima, The temple of the golden pavilion
P.118: In life, an instant that assumes the form of eternity will intoxicate us; but the Golden Temple knew full well that such an instant is insignificant compared with what happens when eternity assuymes the form of an instant, as the temple itself had now done. It is at such times that the fact of beauty’s ethernity can realy block our lives and poison our existences. The instantaneous beauty that life lets us glimpse is helpless against such poison. The poison crushes and destroyes it at once, and finally exposes life itself under the light-brown glare of ruin.
p.125: That’s how it was. I was enwrapped in beauty, I was certainly within that beauyty; yet I doubt whether I was so sonsuymmately wrapped up in the beabuty as not to be supported by the will of that ferocious wind, which was endlessly gathering force.
p.131: How could I reach that – sound that mysterious sound like the one which Kashiwagi was blowing out of his flute? It was skill alone that made it possible. Beauty was skull. A thought came to me and filled me with courage: just as Kashiwagi could attain such beautiful clear soubds despite his clubfeet, so I could attain beaty by means of skill.
p.136: How shall I put it? Beauty = yes, beauty is life a decayed toth. It rubs against one’s tongue, it hands there, hurting one, insisting on its own existence. Finanly it gets so that one cannot stand the pain and one goes to the dentist to have the tooth extracted. […] What was the basis of this creature’s existence? Was the basis within me? Or was it within this creature itself? Yet this creature which has been pulled out of my mouth and which now lies in my hand is something utterly different. Surely it cannot be that?
p.203: Let’s pu it this way – human beings posses the weapon of knowledge in order to make life bearable. For animals such things aren’t necessary. Animals don’t need knowledge or anything of the sort to make life bearable. But human beings do need something, and with knowledge they can make the very intolerableness of life a weapon, though at the same time that intolerableness is not reduces in the slightest. That’s all there is to it.
Da vinci code
{Physical union with the female remained the sole means through which man could become spiritually complete and ultimately achieve gnosis - knowledge of the divine.
Spiritual orgasm? from }
From New society
This is one of the points where our differences get concrete. We are no longer dealing wiht nuances. For the advocates of financial self-management, direct material incentives extending into the future and accopmpanying society in all of hte various stages of building communism are not counterpopsed to the "developmet" of consciousnes. For us they are. It is for this reason that we struggle against the predominance of material incentives, for it would signify the delaying the devleopment of socialist morality.
Exactly 18 years before I was born, Che was writing hte following:
"A new stage begins todya. We arrived at the farm by night. The trip has been quite a good one. ... " He died in Oct 9th 1967. CIA backed government capture him first hten a day later killed him.
Patria o muerte! Victory or Death is his favourite line, it seems. All of his letters ended with that line. What a revolutionary person inspiring millions worldwide for justice. Justice was all he fought, not communism. Communism seemed to provide an answer for this world of injustice. Otherwise, all he initually wanted was JUSTICE. We all want it, but how to achieve depends on the previous experience of hte people. Since nonvoilent nature of mine prevails as I grow up, the best way for Mongolians to get close to justice is our EDUCATION. If my group of people can educate both hte rich and poor alike, then we get closer to justice and fair life for all. Without education, rich lives lives in expence of hte poor, and the poor's suffering will amke our society dangeruious. I wish I could tell my ideas to Che. What a great alpha he is!
Asia's next giant
P.8 : The institutions of late industrialization that underscore its success, and whose absence is responsible for delay, are the following: an interventionist state, large diversified business groups, an abundant supply of competent salaried managers, and an abundant supply of low-cost, well-educated labor. These institutions are the focal point of later chapters.
P.16: The sternest discipline imposed by the Korean government on virtually all large size firms—no matter how politically well connected—related to export targets. There was constant pressure from government bureaucrats on corporate leaders to sell more abroad—with obvious implications for efficiency. Pressure to meet ambitious export targets gave the Big Push into heavy industry its frenetic character. Additionally, firms have been subject to five general controls in exchange for government support.
P.20 Whatever the time period and whatever the firm structure, learners rely heavily on foreign know-how to narrow the gap. If they are to be at all successful at learning, they visit international expositions, attend conferences and lectures, read technical journals, hire experienced workers, visit overseas plants, engage foreign technical assistants, consult machinery suppliers, and buy, borrow, beg, and steal foreign designs. The form of technology acquisition has tended to change, however, as technology itself has become more science-based and as the firm has come to be viewed less as a means to earn a livelihood and more as a means to earn a profit. The central tendency has shifted from the absorption of foreign technology through copying and self-teaching to the adoption of foreign technology through investing in foreign licenses and technical assistance. The former mode of technology acquisition may be called imitation, and the latter, apprenticeship (see Amsden and Kim, 1985b). (One reason why our Ikh Huraldai website need to be developed)
In Korea, massive imports of foreign licenses and assistance have been viewed as a means to attain technological independence, and thus as part of a larger effort, in both the public and private spheres, to avoid foreign control. Industrialization has occurred almost exclusively on the basis of nationally owned rather than foreign-owned enterprise.
p.23: It would be an exaggeration to say that the industrial community in Korea became "surely and unresistingly" drawn in under the rule of the technological expert, because, by world standards, there were no experts in Korea. Nevertheless, like their German counterparts, the production engineers who were the gatekeepers of technology transfer came through the schools. And in a society hungry to catch up, with a steadfast faith in the value of education, the practical knowledge that these professionals wielded went a long way toward winning them influence and esteem. The industrial community in Korea, therefore, became "surely and unresistingly" drawn in under the rule, if not of the expert, then of the technological trainee. Once the entrepreneurs recognized that government subsidies could make manufacturing activity profitable, and that Korean engineers could build ships that floated and steel that bore weight, they increasingly turned their attention away from speculating toward accumulating capital.
Symptomatic of the passionate desire to organize and hasten the process of catching up, the Koreans pushed ahead with forming a native cadre of engineers and technicians. The number of schools in both Germany and Korea was large, unusually so by contemporary standards. The plain fact of the matter is that Korea was a successful learner partly because it invested heavily in education, both formal and foreign technical assistance
p.27Finally, the regimes of Syngman Rhee and General Park Chung Hee are introduced in relation to their two major antagonists, the student movement and the U.S. AID administration.
p.32: The Japanese dismantled the institutions of 1,000 years of dynastic rule and accomplished overnight, in 1910, what the dynastic rulers had failed or neglected to achieve in centuries: the abolition of slavery, the codification of civil law, and more.9 The Japanese also created a modern infrastructure in the areas of finance, transportation, and commerce. Nevertheless, Japanese colonialism was far more successful in smashing old foundations than in establishing new ones.
p.51:Although the U.S. aid advisors in Korea had tried earlier to formulate their own development plan—a task they subcontracted to a private Washington-based consulting firm—the plan's object, to terminate aid, led to its rejection by the Rhee forces. In 1958, however, Rhee had established an Economic Development Council, staffed by many "young foreign-educated intellectuals," fed on the ideas of planning that were then sweeping the economic development profession from the universities (H. B. Lee, 1968, p. 90). It was this concept of national planning, if not the identical plan, that later inspired the military rulers.
p.57: Korea, twenty years later, had only low wages with which to compete against Japan, and low wages in the absence of government support proved insufficient to stimulate export activity. In the 1950s Washington actually thwarted Korea's efforts to export by prohibiting U.S. imports of Korean-made textiles that embodied American aid-financed raw cotton.
P59: At one level a product of the social climacteric, higher productivity in Britain derived directly from the inventions that gave the First Industrial Revolution its character and established the direction of the long wave of technological change that ensued. Labor-saving processes in Britain outcompeted less mechanized techniques in lower-wage countries that failed to import the superior but costly techniques. When, moreover, the United States and Germany caught up with Britain and then overtook it, they did not do so on the basis of lower wages in conjunction with parity in "best practice" technique.
p.68: The government implemented numerous export promotion measures including preferential loans for operation and facility expansion, tax and tariff exemptions, wastage allowances, and other social overhead and administrative supports. It could be said that the textile industry was more effective in taking advantage of such benefits, since it had strong business organizations and more large-scale enterprises than other [light] industries. (Y. B. Kim, 1980, p. 232)
As Table 3.5 indicates, in the year, say, 1976, 37% of respondents said the effect of export targets on their firm was positive, 10% said these targets had no effect, and as many as 53% listed negative effects.
If overseas sales were not always profitable, however, as suggested
.69: As Table 3.5 indicates, in the year, say, 1976, 37% of respondents said the effect of export targets on their firm was positive, 10% said these targets had no effect, and as many as 53% listed negative effects. If overseas sales were not always profitable, however, as suggested by the negative responses of exporters, then the government compensated the losers by inflating the returns on domestic sales. It did so by imposing trade barriers on imports.
P.72: Out of Park's remonstrations with millionaires came the crux of Korea's investment policies. One month after the 1961 coup, the military regime passed the Law for Dealing with Illicit Wealth Accumulation, and with great theatrics, arrested profiteers under the First Republic and threatened them with confiscation of their assets. Instead of becoming victims of martial emasculation, however, the millionaires were "allowed to enter the central stage" like the Meiji millionaires before them, albeit in a kneeling position. The government exempted most businessmen from criminal prosecution and eschewed confiscating their property. In exchange, businessmen were required to pay off their assessed obligation by establishing new industrial firms in basic industries and by donating the shares to the government, the latter condition rarely being fulfilled (Jones and SaKong, 1980). Within days, however, an alliance had been formed between business and government that laid the basis for subsequent industrialization.
P78: In all, liberalization amounted to nothing more than a footnote to the basic text of Korean expansion. To attribute the role of equilibrator in such expansion to the market mechanism rather than to the government's dual policy of discipline and support is to misrepresent a fundamental property of the most successful cases of late industrialization.
p.79: The Three Facets of Growth
Late industrialization is characterized by three facets of growth, as Korea exemplifies. The first relates to diversification, or entrepreneurial decisions concerning penetration of new industries—which ones to penetrate, when, and with what size investment. The second relates to stabilization, or short-run macroeconomic policies to maintain the level of economic activity. The third relates to the growth momentum itself. Once under way, growth gains a momentum whose properties are distinct, depending on the presence or absence of new technological discoveries. This chapter is divided into three parts, each devoted to one of these facets of growth.
p.82: To promote higher value-added products embodying a greater level of skill and technology, the government took the following steps, above and beyond its usual incentive measures, which included arranging foreign loans totaling $221.6 million:
1. It established an industrial estate for the production of semiconductors and computers.
2. To promote "the importation of advanced technology and to accelerate technical progress," it established a research institute in this industrial estate for product development, the Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute (ETRI). A fund of $60 million was created for the purpose.
3. It protected the domestic market against foreign competition. In the computer field, it passed legislation in 1983 to restrict imports of computers and peripherals in both the low and medium ends of the market. The law prohibited the import of most microcomputers, some minicomputers, and selected models of disk drives printers, terminals, and tape drives
4. It restricted direct foreign investment in electronics. It did, however, view joint ventures favorably, and most of the major business groups in the computer field—Hyundai, Daewoo, Lucky-Goldstar, and Samsung—formed them.
p.112: Conclusion
This chapter examined three aspects of growth: diversification and entrepreneurship, short-run stabilization, and productivity. In the case of entrepreneurship, by historical standards the big businesses of late industrialization have curtailed the role of the private entrepreneur. On the one hand, as discussed in this chapter, the state has usurped the domain of the traditional private entrepreneur by making milestone decisions about what, when, and how much to produce. On the other hand, as discussed in later chapters, the salaried managers have carried the burden of implementing investment decisions because it is they who hold the technical expertise. The private entrepreneur of late industrialization is a pale reflection of the heroic figure of the past.
As for short-run stabilization, the way it has been managed by the state has been critical in late industrialization, which has been subject to sharp and recurrent external shocks. The management of stabilization by the state in Korea has been contrary to what has typically been the prescribed medicine of the Bretton Woods institutions. Rather than soften external shocks with austerity measures, the Korean government has been wont to adopt expansionary policies and borrow its way out of balance-of-payments difficulties. It has been able to do so because heavy foreign borrowing has been balanced by large productivity increases. Therefore, despite massive foreign borrowing to finance diversification, the debt/GNP ratio even fell slightly in Korea by the end of the Big Push into heavy industry in 1979
p.129: The specific nonprice factors that the chaebol compete on are characteristic of a particular type of oligopolist—the learner. First, learners compete to get additional favors and industrial licenses from the government. They do so by wining and dining bureaucrats, by preparing investment packages that meet planners' specifications, and by distinguishing themselves on the basis of their achievements (like introducing products novel to Korea, winning Korea's equivalent of the Deming Award for quality, exporting Korean-made steel to Japan and Korean-made cars to the United States, etc.).11 Second, they compete to get foreign technical licenses on the best terms from the foremost international firms. Third, they compete in the labor market for the best college recruits and the most experienced skilled craftspersons, supervisors, managers, and engineers (see the discussion in Chapter 8). Fourth, they compete in the marketplace on the basis of quality and delivery. In the case of the automobile industry, domestic price is not a competitive factor because it is set by the government according to liter capacity. But the two major automobile companies compete—in the local market and abroad—on the basis of gas mileage, appearance, safety, service, and resale value (Amsden and Kim
145
Autobiography by Mircea Eliade
p.74 For a long time my "peculiarity" had protected me like an innter armor from all sorts of failures and humiliations. And at the same time my singularity, which seemed predestined, wighed on me like a tombstone. I would have tried anything to have broken free of it, to have been able to get close to som eone who could "understand" me. That someone, obviously, could not have been one of my male friends, but one of those girls I met on Sunday afternoons at homes of classates or at meeting of the Muse.
p.72 The attacks of melancholia, with which I was to struggle for many years to come, had started. It required a great effort of will for me to resist the first outbreaks of sadness. They would come upon me unexpectedly, toward sunset. At first I did not know what was wrong; I thought it must be fatigue brought on my lack of sleep. But in vain did I try to rest, or even to go to bed; I could not fall asleep. I was not exhausted; I did not feel tired. There was only that terrible sensation of the irremediable - the feeling that I had lost sth essential and irreplaceable. I felt there was no purpose in my life, htat there was no reason for me to spend my time reading or writing. In fact, nothing held any meaning for me now: neither music nor camping trips, nor walks nor parties with my friends. I was trying desperately to identify what it was that i had "lost", nad sometimes it seemed to me that it pertained to my childhood, the years at Rimnicu-Sarat and Cernovoda, the first years in BUcharest, which now seemed fraught with beatitude and miracle.
p.81: It was as if the whole world had suddenly turned to ashes and I found myself in a universe of shadows and vanities, without meaning or hope, where all things are essentially vain and empty. During those endless moments of dfespair I tried to regain myself and find an answer to the question: What for? Of what use is De Pythiae oraculis? Sitting there on hte bench, with Plutachr's volume on my lap, I tried to smile. I wiped my glasses with a handkerchief and sought an answer. "To annoy you," I whispered, "you, the one who's asking me!" I fel this was not quite the right answer, bu tI insisted on it stubbornly. "It is just because Plutarch's treatise is useless adn absurd that you ought to read it ! And because nothing has any meaning, I laugh at both meaning and meaninglessness, and I will do what I want, even if it doesn't have any meaning !" But I felt htat all these were cries of helplessness. I sensed how false they were because, in those moments, I no longer wanted anything; and I certainly did not want to read Plutarch.
p.109-110: In the winter of 1926, I read with fury several philosophers including Bacon, Knat, adn Malebranche. But I felt myself increasingly drawn to the history of religious. [...] I continued to sleep four or at the most five hours a night.Perhaps I should have been content to stop with that if I had not read somewhere that Alexander von HUmboldt had not required more than two hours of sleep. This set me thinking. For several years, ever since reading 'L'Education de la velonte' I had been convinced that a human being could do anything, provided he wnated to, and knew how to control his will. Long ago I had learned to master my sense of taste by forcing myself to unpleasant thing: first toothpaste, then soap, and finally cockchafers, flies and caterpillars. When I saw that I could chew and swallow an insect or larva without feeling the normal revulsion, I would go on to a more daring exercise. I believed that such self-discipline was the gateway to absolute freedom. The struggle against sleep, like the struggle against normal modes of behaviour, signified for me a heoic attempt to transcend the human condition. I did not know then that this is precisely the point of departure of the techniques of yoga. But it is quite probable that my interest in yoga, which three years later was to lead me to India, stemmed from my faith in the unlimited possibilites of man. I did not realize at hte time the consequences of this Faustian ambition.
p.129: We were together all the time, and in the evening we shut ourselves away in the attic. But when I was by myself, I tried to fight against this passion that seemed to threaten my freedom and spiritual integrity. The articles I wrote at that time were part of my coded dialogue with Rica. [...] a fiancee can help the man she loves to become a genious, while a wife can only make him commonplace.
p.131: We ate at a student canteen, but often in the evening we would have nothing but coffee with cream, and with the money we saved we would buy books. I discovered Leon Bloy and completed my reading of Remy de Gourmont.
p.140: When recalling the choral rehearsals in the attic and hte first dates with Rica, I had hte feeling that all this might be prolonged if I had not decided that I must give up But, at nay rate, I had to free myself from this new reservoir of melancholy, constituted by the memories of student life, adn especially by the history of my romance.
153: I knew that by leaving for India all these works would remain buried, like those files on Renaissance philosphy. But on the other hand, I knew that if I did not tear myself away form everyone and everthing - from Rica, from Cuvantul, from my "works" finished or in the process of gestation -- and if I did not do it now, when the wounds of my separation were still bleeding, I would not get there in time to encounter the mystery that was waiting for me somewhere in India, that mystery of which I knew nothing except that it was there for me to decipher and that in deciphering it would at the same time reveal to myself the mystery of my own existence; I would discover at last who I was and why I wanted to be what I wanted to be, why all the things that had happened to me had happened to me, why I had been fascinated in turn by material substances, plants, insects, literature, philosophy, and religioun, and how I had gotten from the games on the vacant lots to the problmes that perplexed me now.
p.186: Our hope - mine and Maitreyi's - that we could be married, had been born of an illusion. I had learned enough INdian philosphy to know how hard it is to free oneself from illusions, to waken oneself from illusions, to waken onelsef from dreams. In rare moments of complete lucidity I realized very well that I had been deluded by my own hallucinations. I had allowed myself to be bound and enchanted by mirages, and there was nothing else for me to do but tear asunder the veil woven by maya and become again free, serene, and invulnerable.
p.257: I should go even further and say that paradox of the coincidence of opposites is found at the base of every religious experience. Inded, any hierophany, any manifestation of the sacred in the world illustrates a coincidentia oppositorum: an object, a creature, a gesture bcecomes csacred - that is, transcends this world - yet continues to remain what it was before: an object, a creature, a gesture; it participates in the world and at the same time transcends it.
p.264: Why had she fallen in love with me, of all people, and hwy couldnot she forget me? Why did she wander like phantom through places where we had gone together, frequenting circles of mutual friends in order to see me, knowin g full well I would hide sas soon as caught sight of her? for many years thereafter I did not dare be happy: I knew that the thing I should be able to call happiness was built on a monstrous, absurd sacrifice, which no man could accpet with an easy conscience.
p.267-68 But I wanted ore than NIna's happiness: I wanted to fulfill her destiny by a restitutio ad integrum; everything that she had had and had lost in an absurd manner had to be restored by me. I realize very well what this would mean for me, but I was prepared to make any kind of sacrifice. What pained me even more than the sacrifice of Sorana was the sarificing of my familiy. I sensed that in the bottom of their heards my parents felt that they had lost me forever.
273: Although I was sure that if I had been allowed to live alongside Maitreyi I should have weitten several "great books," I could not beliveve that I owuld be unable to write them living with another woman, for instance with Nina. There were, to be sure, certain extreme situations in which the possibility of my "failure" as a writer and man of letters might have had a positive meaning; htat is, hte renunciation of the irrelevant objective (to write books, to "make culture") in favor of an "absolute" goal: spiritual perfection. This is what would have happened, very likely, had I remained forever in teh Himalayas - or if I had succeeded in surviving as Sorana's companion. But in both instances, "failure" would have meant only my fulfillment on another plane than that of literature or science.
p.291 For years these confessions were repeatedly reproduced and misinterpreted. I never replied to these critics. I knew very well that I myself had encouraged them, that in fact I had provoked them, once I had entered the arena " with my guard dow." Anyone could strike me, using for a weapon my own indiscretions. But i had confessed all these things, above all my haste, in order to awaken my readers, to force them to undertstand that "we dont have time." I repeated that "we are cursed to consume time uselessly," that we do not know how to "control time and make it fruitful." [...] To some extent, Oceanografie inaugurated a new type of Romanian literature: personal prose, carelessly and rapidly written, liberated from academic interdictions and inhibition.
p.318: My characters were mainly intellectuals, living somehwat on the margins of "life"; their sporadic outbursts and sexual excesses were, in fact, hteir desperate attempts to embody and obtain a vital dimension that they did not posses. I dont believe I ever wrote a single erotic scene simply to "shock" or to unleash a literary scandal tha would "launch" my books - as was the case not only with obscure Romanina "opportunists" in the years 1936-1937, but also with other writers of unknown talent.
{From C.G Jung book: What is essential in a work of art is that it should rise for above the realm of personnal life and speak form the spirit and heart of the poet as man to the spirit and heart of mankind.}
Balzac and His World by Felicien Marceau
The characters
P.20: Their clamorous appetities: “To succeed! To succeed whatever the cost … We are as ravenous as wolves”(Pere Goriot) Contempt for danger: they fight duels, and they go to meet their opponents as though they were merely going for a walk.
p.21: They are all bachelors, needles to say. Marriage is always the death of a lion. Either he marries badly, like Beaudenord, and this ball and chaing around his ankle keeps him out of the running; or he marries well and retires from the arena to digest his prey in comfort. From then on his teeth are drawn. As with Rastignac.
p.30: The footmen snicker at him behind his back. Or at least he imagines they do, for there is nothing quite so sensitve as an ambitious uyoung man without money. In short, Rastignac is ripe for his encounter with the devil.
p.38: “Only a young man without a penny,” he says, “can know how much flaling in love can cost in the way of gloves, coats, shirts etc.”
p.105: At the age of eithteen, Felicite is no longer a virgin except in body. Freed of all prejudices, all taboos, she is ruled by intellect alone. Moreover, having been brought up more like a boy than a girl, there is a strong element of virility in her character.
p.190: Moreover, in reading Sandeau’s work one discovers a certain kinship with that of his great employer. The kinship is distant one, needless to say, about as distant as the one between my pipe and Vesuvius. [Balzac-iin enekhuu nom unshdagaar olon sonirholtoi nom taniltsuulj boloh ba characteriinhoo gol ZURHEND yu baidgiig tailbarlaj bolno. Jishee ni Nietzsche-iin MADMAN-iig shutdeg ni iim uchirtai harin Obermanch bol ternii gants morgodog burhan zergeer gol characteriinhaa dotood setgeliig unshigchiddaa gargaj irj bolno.] [ooriin zohioldoo altangerel-iin slovart gardag shig zuragtai tsonh tavij tailbariig MarkSkayzsan shig tsonhond hiin zohioliinhoo technic-iin taliin humuusiin meddeggui zuiliig meduulj gargaj bas ulam sonirholtoi bolgoj bolno. Uun deer Dostoyevsky-iin hoyor hunii margaan esvel yariagaar FUNDAMENTAL question-r unshigchiddaa ooriin bodol sanaagaa ilerkhiilj bolno. Bas yag brother Karamazov deer gardag shig Character-iinhaa tuhai yarihdaa yamar neg yavdal bolood ongorson hoine ter dund bolj ongorson aash aranshing ni ter characteriin uuh tuuhtei holbon harin uuh tuuhiig ni daraa ni taniltsuulbal unshigchiddad iluuteegeer sonirholtoi boloh ba omno ni mania gol dur yund iim avir gargasniig uhaj oilgoh gej shimtej magadgui.]
p.253: In les Employes, he reproduces Gobseck’s signature for the readers’ benefit. It “should prove precious for those who like to search for people’s characters in the physiognomy of their signatures. If ever there awas a hieroglyphic image that truly expressed some animal, then assuredly it is this name in which the initial and the final letters depict the voracious maw of an insatiable shark, forever gaping, grasping and devouring everything.”
p.265: She never let herself be taken over by love. She always had other things to think about. That is the key to happiness in Balzac.
p.274: For Balzac, true love is not the sort of passion that grips hold of a man and shakes him ny the scruff of the neck, that ruins his sleep and makes him neglect his own interests or his vocation. On the contrary, true love should be yet another reason for a man to devote himself to his vocation, one more reason for writing his books or for becoming a peer of the realm. Instead of cutting him off from society, it should pluynge him deeper into it.
p.475: “I am rich enough,” Gobseck says, “to buy the consciences of those who control the country’s miniters, form their office boys up to their mistresses: is that not power? I can command possession of the most beautiful women and their most tender caresses: is that not pleasure? And are not power and pleasure the sum total of your social order? There are ten or so of us like that in Paris, so many anonymous and silent kings, that arbiters of your destinies” (id. P636) Where is the avarice there? It is the will to power.
p.478: … he marries her rather than allow her to ruin him. In short, he is the man who comes to terms with his passions. And in consequence, he triumphs.
The company of strangers by Seabright Paul.
p. 27: Two kinds of diposition have proved important to our evolution: a capacity for rational calculation of the costs and benefits of cooperation, and a tendency for what has been called reciprocity – the willingness to repay kindness with kindness and betrayal with revenge, even when this is not what rational calculation would recommend.
p.28: We frame rules for behaviour toward strangers that mimic the way we treat our family and our friends, and we reinforce these rules by explicit systems of incentives, as well as by eduction and traingin – an apprenticeship for social life that is designed to make opportunistic behaviour more uncomfortable for us.
p.46: Our emaitonal reaction to risk are still shaped by that hunter gatherer heritage. We treat those who suffer the hazards of life either as casualties of a blind chance that we may fear but cannot logically resent, or as victims – chosen sufferers of deliberate aggression to which the only emotional response is resentment and the only justifiable response, revenge.
51: It is well known that once a certain characteristic becomes a basis for sexual preference, such preferences can be self-reinforcing. This is a tendency that has been adduced to explain such runawayu evolutionary phenomena as the peacock’s tail and the large antlers of some species of deer. The fact that females in future generations will be attracted by some characteristic, even a wholly arbitrary one, increases the adaptive benefit to any female in the current genereation of seeking a mate that has that characteristic.
59: this led Cosmides and Tooby to conclude that our reasoning abilities are sensitive to context in ways that would have been beneficial for our ability to spot cheats during our evolutionary history.
61: At the same time that it disables people’s capacity for exercising trust wisely, alcohol is enabling people to inspire trust by stimulating an excellent signal of positive affect, namely laughter, that is not under direct voluntary control.
77: Balzac put in his novel Splenors and Miseries of the Courtesans: A girl with no income finds herself in the mud, as I was before I entered the convent. Men find her beautiful, they make her serve their pleasure without according her the smallest respect, they come for her in a carriage and then send her away on foot. If they never quite spit in her face, it is only her beauty that spares her this outrage. But let her inherit five, or six million, and she will be sought out by princes, saluted as she passes in her carriagel she can shoose form the most ancient coats of armas of France and Navarre. This world, which would have sneered at us [her and her impoverished lover] for being two handsome creatures, united an content, has constantly honoured Madame de Stael with her bohemian life, because she had an income of two hundred thousand livres. The world, which bows before Money and Glory has no wish to honour happiness and virtue.
p.100: in fact, the history of recent economic development suggests that the poor and the rich can have a mutual interest in exchange, but it’s important to remember that competitive markets are about exploring avenues of mutual interest, not about redressing pre-existing imbalances of power and wealth.
P212: the club that prehistoric man used to ward off attackers was the same club he used to attack others.
p.257: To manage the hazards imposed on us by the action s of strangers has required us to deploy a different skill bequeathed to us by evolution for quiote different purposes, the capacityfor abstract symbolic thought. Modern political institutions temper their appeals to the deep emotions, to family and clan loyalty, with just enough abstract reasoning to help Homo sapiens sapiens, they shy, murderous ape, emerge from his family bands in the savanna woodland in order to live and work in a world largely populated by strangers. This experiment is still young, and needs all the help it can get.
Modern man in search of soul by Carl Gustav Jung
The rise of teh Korean Economics by Song
Asia's next giant
The east asian Miracles
Balzac and his world by Felicien Marceau
Autobiography by Mircea Eliade
Economics of Monetary Union by De Grauwe
Introduction to Romanian literature by Twayne
We, by Yevgeny zamyatin
Da vinci code
Extreme rock and ice!{ amisgaa davchdaj tsos hoorson hormhon mochuud...}
Che Guevara Reader
Bolivian diary, by che guevara!
Nuuts Tovchoo {nahisan unshiv}
New society, Che guevara
Confession of a mask by Yukio Mishima
The temple of the golden Pavilion by Yukio mishima
Tetgelgeer suraltsakh bolomj 2005
We, by Yevgeny Zamyatin
p.56:Somehow this never entered my head before, but this eis really how it is: We on this earth are walking the whole time above a boiling crimson sea of fire, hidden down there in the bowels of the earth. But we never think of it. And then suddenly the thin shell beneath our feet seems to turn to glass, and suddenly we see ….
I became glass. I saw into myself, inside. There were two me’s. One me was the old one, D-503, Number D-502, and the other… The other sued to just stick his hairy paws out of his shell, but now all of hims came out, the shell burst open, and the pieces were just about to flu in all directions… and then what? (describing his drunkness)
p.59 :The sky is covered over with some milky gold fabric, and you cant’s see what’s up there, beyond, higher. The ancients knew what was up there: there magnificent, bored sceptic – God. We know that it’s a crystalline blue, naked indecent nothing. Now I don’t know what’s there. I have learned too much. Knowledge that is ablsoluytely sure it’s infallible – that is faith. I had a firm faith in myself, I believed I knew everything about myself. And now…
Yukio Mishima, The temple of the golden pavilion
P.118: In life, an instant that assumes the form of eternity will intoxicate us; but the Golden Temple knew full well that such an instant is insignificant compared with what happens when eternity assuymes the form of an instant, as the temple itself had now done. It is at such times that the fact of beauty’s ethernity can realy block our lives and poison our existences. The instantaneous beauty that life lets us glimpse is helpless against such poison. The poison crushes and destroyes it at once, and finally exposes life itself under the light-brown glare of ruin.
p.125: That’s how it was. I was enwrapped in beauty, I was certainly within that beauyty; yet I doubt whether I was so sonsuymmately wrapped up in the beabuty as not to be supported by the will of that ferocious wind, which was endlessly gathering force.
p.131: How could I reach that – sound that mysterious sound like the one which Kashiwagi was blowing out of his flute? It was skill alone that made it possible. Beauty was skull. A thought came to me and filled me with courage: just as Kashiwagi could attain such beautiful clear soubds despite his clubfeet, so I could attain beaty by means of skill.
p.136: How shall I put it? Beauty = yes, beauty is life a decayed toth. It rubs against one’s tongue, it hands there, hurting one, insisting on its own existence. Finanly it gets so that one cannot stand the pain and one goes to the dentist to have the tooth extracted. […] What was the basis of this creature’s existence? Was the basis within me? Or was it within this creature itself? Yet this creature which has been pulled out of my mouth and which now lies in my hand is something utterly different. Surely it cannot be that?
p.203: Let’s pu it this way – human beings posses the weapon of knowledge in order to make life bearable. For animals such things aren’t necessary. Animals don’t need knowledge or anything of the sort to make life bearable. But human beings do need something, and with knowledge they can make the very intolerableness of life a weapon, though at the same time that intolerableness is not reduces in the slightest. That’s all there is to it.
p.56:Somehow this never entered my head before, but this eis really how it is: We on this earth are walking the whole time above a boiling crimson sea of fire, hidden down there in the bowels of the earth. But we never think of it. And then suddenly the thin shell beneath our feet seems to turn to glass, and suddenly we see ….
I became glass. I saw into myself, inside. There were two me’s. One me was the old one, D-503, Number D-502, and the other… The other sued to just stick his hairy paws out of his shell, but now all of hims came out, the shell burst open, and the pieces were just about to flu in all directions… and then what? (describing his drunkness)
p.59 :The sky is covered over with some milky gold fabric, and you cant’s see what’s up there, beyond, higher. The ancients knew what was up there: there magnificent, bored sceptic – God. We know that it’s a crystalline blue, naked indecent nothing. Now I don’t know what’s there. I have learned too much. Knowledge that is ablsoluytely sure it’s infallible – that is faith. I had a firm faith in myself, I believed I knew everything about myself. And now…
Yukio Mishima, The temple of the golden pavilion
P.118: In life, an instant that assumes the form of eternity will intoxicate us; but the Golden Temple knew full well that such an instant is insignificant compared with what happens when eternity assuymes the form of an instant, as the temple itself had now done. It is at such times that the fact of beauty’s ethernity can realy block our lives and poison our existences. The instantaneous beauty that life lets us glimpse is helpless against such poison. The poison crushes and destroyes it at once, and finally exposes life itself under the light-brown glare of ruin.
p.125: That’s how it was. I was enwrapped in beauty, I was certainly within that beauyty; yet I doubt whether I was so sonsuymmately wrapped up in the beabuty as not to be supported by the will of that ferocious wind, which was endlessly gathering force.
p.131: How could I reach that – sound that mysterious sound like the one which Kashiwagi was blowing out of his flute? It was skill alone that made it possible. Beauty was skull. A thought came to me and filled me with courage: just as Kashiwagi could attain such beautiful clear soubds despite his clubfeet, so I could attain beaty by means of skill.
p.136: How shall I put it? Beauty = yes, beauty is life a decayed toth. It rubs against one’s tongue, it hands there, hurting one, insisting on its own existence. Finanly it gets so that one cannot stand the pain and one goes to the dentist to have the tooth extracted. […] What was the basis of this creature’s existence? Was the basis within me? Or was it within this creature itself? Yet this creature which has been pulled out of my mouth and which now lies in my hand is something utterly different. Surely it cannot be that?
p.203: Let’s pu it this way – human beings posses the weapon of knowledge in order to make life bearable. For animals such things aren’t necessary. Animals don’t need knowledge or anything of the sort to make life bearable. But human beings do need something, and with knowledge they can make the very intolerableness of life a weapon, though at the same time that intolerableness is not reduces in the slightest. That’s all there is to it.
Da vinci code
{Physical union with the female remained the sole means through which man could become spiritually complete and ultimately achieve gnosis - knowledge of the divine.
Spiritual orgasm? from }
From New society
This is one of the points where our differences get concrete. We are no longer dealing wiht nuances. For the advocates of financial self-management, direct material incentives extending into the future and accopmpanying society in all of hte various stages of building communism are not counterpopsed to the "developmet" of consciousnes. For us they are. It is for this reason that we struggle against the predominance of material incentives, for it would signify the delaying the devleopment of socialist morality.
Exactly 18 years before I was born, Che was writing hte following:
"A new stage begins todya. We arrived at the farm by night. The trip has been quite a good one. ... " He died in Oct 9th 1967. CIA backed government capture him first hten a day later killed him.
Patria o muerte! Victory or Death is his favourite line, it seems. All of his letters ended with that line. What a revolutionary person inspiring millions worldwide for justice. Justice was all he fought, not communism. Communism seemed to provide an answer for this world of injustice. Otherwise, all he initually wanted was JUSTICE. We all want it, but how to achieve depends on the previous experience of hte people. Since nonvoilent nature of mine prevails as I grow up, the best way for Mongolians to get close to justice is our EDUCATION. If my group of people can educate both hte rich and poor alike, then we get closer to justice and fair life for all. Without education, rich lives lives in expence of hte poor, and the poor's suffering will amke our society dangeruious. I wish I could tell my ideas to Che. What a great alpha he is!
Asia's next giant
P.8 : The institutions of late industrialization that underscore its success, and whose absence is responsible for delay, are the following: an interventionist state, large diversified business groups, an abundant supply of competent salaried managers, and an abundant supply of low-cost, well-educated labor. These institutions are the focal point of later chapters.
P.16: The sternest discipline imposed by the Korean government on virtually all large size firms—no matter how politically well connected—related to export targets. There was constant pressure from government bureaucrats on corporate leaders to sell more abroad—with obvious implications for efficiency. Pressure to meet ambitious export targets gave the Big Push into heavy industry its frenetic character. Additionally, firms have been subject to five general controls in exchange for government support.
P.20 Whatever the time period and whatever the firm structure, learners rely heavily on foreign know-how to narrow the gap. If they are to be at all successful at learning, they visit international expositions, attend conferences and lectures, read technical journals, hire experienced workers, visit overseas plants, engage foreign technical assistants, consult machinery suppliers, and buy, borrow, beg, and steal foreign designs. The form of technology acquisition has tended to change, however, as technology itself has become more science-based and as the firm has come to be viewed less as a means to earn a livelihood and more as a means to earn a profit. The central tendency has shifted from the absorption of foreign technology through copying and self-teaching to the adoption of foreign technology through investing in foreign licenses and technical assistance. The former mode of technology acquisition may be called imitation, and the latter, apprenticeship (see Amsden and Kim, 1985b). (One reason why our Ikh Huraldai website need to be developed)
In Korea, massive imports of foreign licenses and assistance have been viewed as a means to attain technological independence, and thus as part of a larger effort, in both the public and private spheres, to avoid foreign control. Industrialization has occurred almost exclusively on the basis of nationally owned rather than foreign-owned enterprise.
p.23: It would be an exaggeration to say that the industrial community in Korea became "surely and unresistingly" drawn in under the rule of the technological expert, because, by world standards, there were no experts in Korea. Nevertheless, like their German counterparts, the production engineers who were the gatekeepers of technology transfer came through the schools. And in a society hungry to catch up, with a steadfast faith in the value of education, the practical knowledge that these professionals wielded went a long way toward winning them influence and esteem. The industrial community in Korea, therefore, became "surely and unresistingly" drawn in under the rule, if not of the expert, then of the technological trainee. Once the entrepreneurs recognized that government subsidies could make manufacturing activity profitable, and that Korean engineers could build ships that floated and steel that bore weight, they increasingly turned their attention away from speculating toward accumulating capital.
Symptomatic of the passionate desire to organize and hasten the process of catching up, the Koreans pushed ahead with forming a native cadre of engineers and technicians. The number of schools in both Germany and Korea was large, unusually so by contemporary standards. The plain fact of the matter is that Korea was a successful learner partly because it invested heavily in education, both formal and foreign technical assistance
p.27Finally, the regimes of Syngman Rhee and General Park Chung Hee are introduced in relation to their two major antagonists, the student movement and the U.S. AID administration.
p.32: The Japanese dismantled the institutions of 1,000 years of dynastic rule and accomplished overnight, in 1910, what the dynastic rulers had failed or neglected to achieve in centuries: the abolition of slavery, the codification of civil law, and more.9 The Japanese also created a modern infrastructure in the areas of finance, transportation, and commerce. Nevertheless, Japanese colonialism was far more successful in smashing old foundations than in establishing new ones.
p.51:Although the U.S. aid advisors in Korea had tried earlier to formulate their own development plan—a task they subcontracted to a private Washington-based consulting firm—the plan's object, to terminate aid, led to its rejection by the Rhee forces. In 1958, however, Rhee had established an Economic Development Council, staffed by many "young foreign-educated intellectuals," fed on the ideas of planning that were then sweeping the economic development profession from the universities (H. B. Lee, 1968, p. 90). It was this concept of national planning, if not the identical plan, that later inspired the military rulers.
p.57: Korea, twenty years later, had only low wages with which to compete against Japan, and low wages in the absence of government support proved insufficient to stimulate export activity. In the 1950s Washington actually thwarted Korea's efforts to export by prohibiting U.S. imports of Korean-made textiles that embodied American aid-financed raw cotton.
P59: At one level a product of the social climacteric, higher productivity in Britain derived directly from the inventions that gave the First Industrial Revolution its character and established the direction of the long wave of technological change that ensued. Labor-saving processes in Britain outcompeted less mechanized techniques in lower-wage countries that failed to import the superior but costly techniques. When, moreover, the United States and Germany caught up with Britain and then overtook it, they did not do so on the basis of lower wages in conjunction with parity in "best practice" technique.
p.68: The government implemented numerous export promotion measures including preferential loans for operation and facility expansion, tax and tariff exemptions, wastage allowances, and other social overhead and administrative supports. It could be said that the textile industry was more effective in taking advantage of such benefits, since it had strong business organizations and more large-scale enterprises than other [light] industries. (Y. B. Kim, 1980, p. 232)
As Table 3.5 indicates, in the year, say, 1976, 37% of respondents said the effect of export targets on their firm was positive, 10% said these targets had no effect, and as many as 53% listed negative effects.
If overseas sales were not always profitable, however, as suggested
.69: As Table 3.5 indicates, in the year, say, 1976, 37% of respondents said the effect of export targets on their firm was positive, 10% said these targets had no effect, and as many as 53% listed negative effects. If overseas sales were not always profitable, however, as suggested by the negative responses of exporters, then the government compensated the losers by inflating the returns on domestic sales. It did so by imposing trade barriers on imports.
P.72: Out of Park's remonstrations with millionaires came the crux of Korea's investment policies. One month after the 1961 coup, the military regime passed the Law for Dealing with Illicit Wealth Accumulation, and with great theatrics, arrested profiteers under the First Republic and threatened them with confiscation of their assets. Instead of becoming victims of martial emasculation, however, the millionaires were "allowed to enter the central stage" like the Meiji millionaires before them, albeit in a kneeling position. The government exempted most businessmen from criminal prosecution and eschewed confiscating their property. In exchange, businessmen were required to pay off their assessed obligation by establishing new industrial firms in basic industries and by donating the shares to the government, the latter condition rarely being fulfilled (Jones and SaKong, 1980). Within days, however, an alliance had been formed between business and government that laid the basis for subsequent industrialization.
P78: In all, liberalization amounted to nothing more than a footnote to the basic text of Korean expansion. To attribute the role of equilibrator in such expansion to the market mechanism rather than to the government's dual policy of discipline and support is to misrepresent a fundamental property of the most successful cases of late industrialization.
p.79: The Three Facets of Growth
Late industrialization is characterized by three facets of growth, as Korea exemplifies. The first relates to diversification, or entrepreneurial decisions concerning penetration of new industries—which ones to penetrate, when, and with what size investment. The second relates to stabilization, or short-run macroeconomic policies to maintain the level of economic activity. The third relates to the growth momentum itself. Once under way, growth gains a momentum whose properties are distinct, depending on the presence or absence of new technological discoveries. This chapter is divided into three parts, each devoted to one of these facets of growth.
p.82: To promote higher value-added products embodying a greater level of skill and technology, the government took the following steps, above and beyond its usual incentive measures, which included arranging foreign loans totaling $221.6 million:
1. It established an industrial estate for the production of semiconductors and computers.
2. To promote "the importation of advanced technology and to accelerate technical progress," it established a research institute in this industrial estate for product development, the Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute (ETRI). A fund of $60 million was created for the purpose.
3. It protected the domestic market against foreign competition. In the computer field, it passed legislation in 1983 to restrict imports of computers and peripherals in both the low and medium ends of the market. The law prohibited the import of most microcomputers, some minicomputers, and selected models of disk drives printers, terminals, and tape drives
4. It restricted direct foreign investment in electronics. It did, however, view joint ventures favorably, and most of the major business groups in the computer field—Hyundai, Daewoo, Lucky-Goldstar, and Samsung—formed them.
p.112: Conclusion
This chapter examined three aspects of growth: diversification and entrepreneurship, short-run stabilization, and productivity. In the case of entrepreneurship, by historical standards the big businesses of late industrialization have curtailed the role of the private entrepreneur. On the one hand, as discussed in this chapter, the state has usurped the domain of the traditional private entrepreneur by making milestone decisions about what, when, and how much to produce. On the other hand, as discussed in later chapters, the salaried managers have carried the burden of implementing investment decisions because it is they who hold the technical expertise. The private entrepreneur of late industrialization is a pale reflection of the heroic figure of the past.
As for short-run stabilization, the way it has been managed by the state has been critical in late industrialization, which has been subject to sharp and recurrent external shocks. The management of stabilization by the state in Korea has been contrary to what has typically been the prescribed medicine of the Bretton Woods institutions. Rather than soften external shocks with austerity measures, the Korean government has been wont to adopt expansionary policies and borrow its way out of balance-of-payments difficulties. It has been able to do so because heavy foreign borrowing has been balanced by large productivity increases. Therefore, despite massive foreign borrowing to finance diversification, the debt/GNP ratio even fell slightly in Korea by the end of the Big Push into heavy industry in 1979
p.129: The specific nonprice factors that the chaebol compete on are characteristic of a particular type of oligopolist—the learner. First, learners compete to get additional favors and industrial licenses from the government. They do so by wining and dining bureaucrats, by preparing investment packages that meet planners' specifications, and by distinguishing themselves on the basis of their achievements (like introducing products novel to Korea, winning Korea's equivalent of the Deming Award for quality, exporting Korean-made steel to Japan and Korean-made cars to the United States, etc.).11 Second, they compete to get foreign technical licenses on the best terms from the foremost international firms. Third, they compete in the labor market for the best college recruits and the most experienced skilled craftspersons, supervisors, managers, and engineers (see the discussion in Chapter 8). Fourth, they compete in the marketplace on the basis of quality and delivery. In the case of the automobile industry, domestic price is not a competitive factor because it is set by the government according to liter capacity. But the two major automobile companies compete—in the local market and abroad—on the basis of gas mileage, appearance, safety, service, and resale value (Amsden and Kim
145
Autobiography by Mircea Eliade
p.74 For a long time my "peculiarity" had protected me like an innter armor from all sorts of failures and humiliations. And at the same time my singularity, which seemed predestined, wighed on me like a tombstone. I would have tried anything to have broken free of it, to have been able to get close to som eone who could "understand" me. That someone, obviously, could not have been one of my male friends, but one of those girls I met on Sunday afternoons at homes of classates or at meeting of the Muse.
p.72 The attacks of melancholia, with which I was to struggle for many years to come, had started. It required a great effort of will for me to resist the first outbreaks of sadness. They would come upon me unexpectedly, toward sunset. At first I did not know what was wrong; I thought it must be fatigue brought on my lack of sleep. But in vain did I try to rest, or even to go to bed; I could not fall asleep. I was not exhausted; I did not feel tired. There was only that terrible sensation of the irremediable - the feeling that I had lost sth essential and irreplaceable. I felt there was no purpose in my life, htat there was no reason for me to spend my time reading or writing. In fact, nothing held any meaning for me now: neither music nor camping trips, nor walks nor parties with my friends. I was trying desperately to identify what it was that i had "lost", nad sometimes it seemed to me that it pertained to my childhood, the years at Rimnicu-Sarat and Cernovoda, the first years in BUcharest, which now seemed fraught with beatitude and miracle.
p.81: It was as if the whole world had suddenly turned to ashes and I found myself in a universe of shadows and vanities, without meaning or hope, where all things are essentially vain and empty. During those endless moments of dfespair I tried to regain myself and find an answer to the question: What for? Of what use is De Pythiae oraculis? Sitting there on hte bench, with Plutachr's volume on my lap, I tried to smile. I wiped my glasses with a handkerchief and sought an answer. "To annoy you," I whispered, "you, the one who's asking me!" I fel this was not quite the right answer, bu tI insisted on it stubbornly. "It is just because Plutarch's treatise is useless adn absurd that you ought to read it ! And because nothing has any meaning, I laugh at both meaning and meaninglessness, and I will do what I want, even if it doesn't have any meaning !" But I felt htat all these were cries of helplessness. I sensed how false they were because, in those moments, I no longer wanted anything; and I certainly did not want to read Plutarch.
p.109-110: In the winter of 1926, I read with fury several philosophers including Bacon, Knat, adn Malebranche. But I felt myself increasingly drawn to the history of religious. [...] I continued to sleep four or at the most five hours a night.Perhaps I should have been content to stop with that if I had not read somewhere that Alexander von HUmboldt had not required more than two hours of sleep. This set me thinking. For several years, ever since reading 'L'Education de la velonte' I had been convinced that a human being could do anything, provided he wnated to, and knew how to control his will. Long ago I had learned to master my sense of taste by forcing myself to unpleasant thing: first toothpaste, then soap, and finally cockchafers, flies and caterpillars. When I saw that I could chew and swallow an insect or larva without feeling the normal revulsion, I would go on to a more daring exercise. I believed that such self-discipline was the gateway to absolute freedom. The struggle against sleep, like the struggle against normal modes of behaviour, signified for me a heoic attempt to transcend the human condition. I did not know then that this is precisely the point of departure of the techniques of yoga. But it is quite probable that my interest in yoga, which three years later was to lead me to India, stemmed from my faith in the unlimited possibilites of man. I did not realize at hte time the consequences of this Faustian ambition.
p.129: We were together all the time, and in the evening we shut ourselves away in the attic. But when I was by myself, I tried to fight against this passion that seemed to threaten my freedom and spiritual integrity. The articles I wrote at that time were part of my coded dialogue with Rica. [...] a fiancee can help the man she loves to become a genious, while a wife can only make him commonplace.
p.131: We ate at a student canteen, but often in the evening we would have nothing but coffee with cream, and with the money we saved we would buy books. I discovered Leon Bloy and completed my reading of Remy de Gourmont.
p.140: When recalling the choral rehearsals in the attic and hte first dates with Rica, I had hte feeling that all this might be prolonged if I had not decided that I must give up But, at nay rate, I had to free myself from this new reservoir of melancholy, constituted by the memories of student life, adn especially by the history of my romance.
153: I knew that by leaving for India all these works would remain buried, like those files on Renaissance philosphy. But on the other hand, I knew that if I did not tear myself away form everyone and everthing - from Rica, from Cuvantul, from my "works" finished or in the process of gestation -- and if I did not do it now, when the wounds of my separation were still bleeding, I would not get there in time to encounter the mystery that was waiting for me somewhere in India, that mystery of which I knew nothing except that it was there for me to decipher and that in deciphering it would at the same time reveal to myself the mystery of my own existence; I would discover at last who I was and why I wanted to be what I wanted to be, why all the things that had happened to me had happened to me, why I had been fascinated in turn by material substances, plants, insects, literature, philosophy, and religioun, and how I had gotten from the games on the vacant lots to the problmes that perplexed me now.
p.186: Our hope - mine and Maitreyi's - that we could be married, had been born of an illusion. I had learned enough INdian philosphy to know how hard it is to free oneself from illusions, to waken oneself from illusions, to waken onelsef from dreams. In rare moments of complete lucidity I realized very well that I had been deluded by my own hallucinations. I had allowed myself to be bound and enchanted by mirages, and there was nothing else for me to do but tear asunder the veil woven by maya and become again free, serene, and invulnerable.
p.257: I should go even further and say that paradox of the coincidence of opposites is found at the base of every religious experience. Inded, any hierophany, any manifestation of the sacred in the world illustrates a coincidentia oppositorum: an object, a creature, a gesture bcecomes csacred - that is, transcends this world - yet continues to remain what it was before: an object, a creature, a gesture; it participates in the world and at the same time transcends it.
p.264: Why had she fallen in love with me, of all people, and hwy couldnot she forget me? Why did she wander like phantom through places where we had gone together, frequenting circles of mutual friends in order to see me, knowin g full well I would hide sas soon as caught sight of her? for many years thereafter I did not dare be happy: I knew that the thing I should be able to call happiness was built on a monstrous, absurd sacrifice, which no man could accpet with an easy conscience.
p.267-68 But I wanted ore than NIna's happiness: I wanted to fulfill her destiny by a restitutio ad integrum; everything that she had had and had lost in an absurd manner had to be restored by me. I realize very well what this would mean for me, but I was prepared to make any kind of sacrifice. What pained me even more than the sacrifice of Sorana was the sarificing of my familiy. I sensed that in the bottom of their heards my parents felt that they had lost me forever.
273: Although I was sure that if I had been allowed to live alongside Maitreyi I should have weitten several "great books," I could not beliveve that I owuld be unable to write them living with another woman, for instance with Nina. There were, to be sure, certain extreme situations in which the possibility of my "failure" as a writer and man of letters might have had a positive meaning; htat is, hte renunciation of the irrelevant objective (to write books, to "make culture") in favor of an "absolute" goal: spiritual perfection. This is what would have happened, very likely, had I remained forever in teh Himalayas - or if I had succeeded in surviving as Sorana's companion. But in both instances, "failure" would have meant only my fulfillment on another plane than that of literature or science.
p.291 For years these confessions were repeatedly reproduced and misinterpreted. I never replied to these critics. I knew very well that I myself had encouraged them, that in fact I had provoked them, once I had entered the arena " with my guard dow." Anyone could strike me, using for a weapon my own indiscretions. But i had confessed all these things, above all my haste, in order to awaken my readers, to force them to undertstand that "we dont have time." I repeated that "we are cursed to consume time uselessly," that we do not know how to "control time and make it fruitful." [...] To some extent, Oceanografie inaugurated a new type of Romanian literature: personal prose, carelessly and rapidly written, liberated from academic interdictions and inhibition.
p.318: My characters were mainly intellectuals, living somehwat on the margins of "life"; their sporadic outbursts and sexual excesses were, in fact, hteir desperate attempts to embody and obtain a vital dimension that they did not posses. I dont believe I ever wrote a single erotic scene simply to "shock" or to unleash a literary scandal tha would "launch" my books - as was the case not only with obscure Romanina "opportunists" in the years 1936-1937, but also with other writers of unknown talent.
{From C.G Jung book: What is essential in a work of art is that it should rise for above the realm of personnal life and speak form the spirit and heart of the poet as man to the spirit and heart of mankind.}
Balzac and His World by Felicien Marceau
The characters
P.20: Their clamorous appetities: “To succeed! To succeed whatever the cost … We are as ravenous as wolves”(Pere Goriot) Contempt for danger: they fight duels, and they go to meet their opponents as though they were merely going for a walk.
p.21: They are all bachelors, needles to say. Marriage is always the death of a lion. Either he marries badly, like Beaudenord, and this ball and chaing around his ankle keeps him out of the running; or he marries well and retires from the arena to digest his prey in comfort. From then on his teeth are drawn. As with Rastignac.
p.30: The footmen snicker at him behind his back. Or at least he imagines they do, for there is nothing quite so sensitve as an ambitious uyoung man without money. In short, Rastignac is ripe for his encounter with the devil.
p.38: “Only a young man without a penny,” he says, “can know how much flaling in love can cost in the way of gloves, coats, shirts etc.”
p.105: At the age of eithteen, Felicite is no longer a virgin except in body. Freed of all prejudices, all taboos, she is ruled by intellect alone. Moreover, having been brought up more like a boy than a girl, there is a strong element of virility in her character.
p.190: Moreover, in reading Sandeau’s work one discovers a certain kinship with that of his great employer. The kinship is distant one, needless to say, about as distant as the one between my pipe and Vesuvius. [Balzac-iin enekhuu nom unshdagaar olon sonirholtoi nom taniltsuulj boloh ba characteriinhoo gol ZURHEND yu baidgiig tailbarlaj bolno. Jishee ni Nietzsche-iin MADMAN-iig shutdeg ni iim uchirtai harin Obermanch bol ternii gants morgodog burhan zergeer gol characteriinhaa dotood setgeliig unshigchiddaa gargaj irj bolno.] [ooriin zohioldoo altangerel-iin slovart gardag shig zuragtai tsonh tavij tailbariig MarkSkayzsan shig tsonhond hiin zohioliinhoo technic-iin taliin humuusiin meddeggui zuiliig meduulj gargaj bas ulam sonirholtoi bolgoj bolno. Uun deer Dostoyevsky-iin hoyor hunii margaan esvel yariagaar FUNDAMENTAL question-r unshigchiddaa ooriin bodol sanaagaa ilerkhiilj bolno. Bas yag brother Karamazov deer gardag shig Character-iinhaa tuhai yarihdaa yamar neg yavdal bolood ongorson hoine ter dund bolj ongorson aash aranshing ni ter characteriin uuh tuuhtei holbon harin uuh tuuhiig ni daraa ni taniltsuulbal unshigchiddad iluuteegeer sonirholtoi boloh ba omno ni mania gol dur yund iim avir gargasniig uhaj oilgoh gej shimtej magadgui.]
p.253: In les Employes, he reproduces Gobseck’s signature for the readers’ benefit. It “should prove precious for those who like to search for people’s characters in the physiognomy of their signatures. If ever there awas a hieroglyphic image that truly expressed some animal, then assuredly it is this name in which the initial and the final letters depict the voracious maw of an insatiable shark, forever gaping, grasping and devouring everything.”
p.265: She never let herself be taken over by love. She always had other things to think about. That is the key to happiness in Balzac.
p.274: For Balzac, true love is not the sort of passion that grips hold of a man and shakes him ny the scruff of the neck, that ruins his sleep and makes him neglect his own interests or his vocation. On the contrary, true love should be yet another reason for a man to devote himself to his vocation, one more reason for writing his books or for becoming a peer of the realm. Instead of cutting him off from society, it should pluynge him deeper into it.
p.475: “I am rich enough,” Gobseck says, “to buy the consciences of those who control the country’s miniters, form their office boys up to their mistresses: is that not power? I can command possession of the most beautiful women and their most tender caresses: is that not pleasure? And are not power and pleasure the sum total of your social order? There are ten or so of us like that in Paris, so many anonymous and silent kings, that arbiters of your destinies” (id. P636) Where is the avarice there? It is the will to power.
p.478: … he marries her rather than allow her to ruin him. In short, he is the man who comes to terms with his passions. And in consequence, he triumphs.
The company of strangers by Seabright Paul.
p. 27: Two kinds of diposition have proved important to our evolution: a capacity for rational calculation of the costs and benefits of cooperation, and a tendency for what has been called reciprocity – the willingness to repay kindness with kindness and betrayal with revenge, even when this is not what rational calculation would recommend.
p.28: We frame rules for behaviour toward strangers that mimic the way we treat our family and our friends, and we reinforce these rules by explicit systems of incentives, as well as by eduction and traingin – an apprenticeship for social life that is designed to make opportunistic behaviour more uncomfortable for us.
p.46: Our emaitonal reaction to risk are still shaped by that hunter gatherer heritage. We treat those who suffer the hazards of life either as casualties of a blind chance that we may fear but cannot logically resent, or as victims – chosen sufferers of deliberate aggression to which the only emotional response is resentment and the only justifiable response, revenge.
51: It is well known that once a certain characteristic becomes a basis for sexual preference, such preferences can be self-reinforcing. This is a tendency that has been adduced to explain such runawayu evolutionary phenomena as the peacock’s tail and the large antlers of some species of deer. The fact that females in future generations will be attracted by some characteristic, even a wholly arbitrary one, increases the adaptive benefit to any female in the current genereation of seeking a mate that has that characteristic.
59: this led Cosmides and Tooby to conclude that our reasoning abilities are sensitive to context in ways that would have been beneficial for our ability to spot cheats during our evolutionary history.
61: At the same time that it disables people’s capacity for exercising trust wisely, alcohol is enabling people to inspire trust by stimulating an excellent signal of positive affect, namely laughter, that is not under direct voluntary control.
77: Balzac put in his novel Splenors and Miseries of the Courtesans: A girl with no income finds herself in the mud, as I was before I entered the convent. Men find her beautiful, they make her serve their pleasure without according her the smallest respect, they come for her in a carriage and then send her away on foot. If they never quite spit in her face, it is only her beauty that spares her this outrage. But let her inherit five, or six million, and she will be sought out by princes, saluted as she passes in her carriagel she can shoose form the most ancient coats of armas of France and Navarre. This world, which would have sneered at us [her and her impoverished lover] for being two handsome creatures, united an content, has constantly honoured Madame de Stael with her bohemian life, because she had an income of two hundred thousand livres. The world, which bows before Money and Glory has no wish to honour happiness and virtue.
p.100: in fact, the history of recent economic development suggests that the poor and the rich can have a mutual interest in exchange, but it’s important to remember that competitive markets are about exploring avenues of mutual interest, not about redressing pre-existing imbalances of power and wealth.
P212: the club that prehistoric man used to ward off attackers was the same club he used to attack others.
p.257: To manage the hazards imposed on us by the action s of strangers has required us to deploy a different skill bequeathed to us by evolution for quiote different purposes, the capacityfor abstract symbolic thought. Modern political institutions temper their appeals to the deep emotions, to family and clan loyalty, with just enough abstract reasoning to help Homo sapiens sapiens, they shy, murderous ape, emerge from his family bands in the savanna woodland in order to live and work in a world largely populated by strangers. This experiment is still young, and needs all the help it can get.
